图书馆2.0中文论坛
关于[数字图书馆]‘非功能需求’的提法，值得讨论
8月在IFLA09会间，意大利政府组织了一个关于数字图书馆未来的会，本来不在本人计划之内，但因为知道他们只邀请100人参加，不去很可惜，所以就去了。的确是非常非常值得！
简单的summary在http://www.ifla.org/files/hq/professional-committee/digital-librari...
会上听Daniel Teruggi做有关欧洲数字图书馆项目Europeana的报告，其中有一个提法是第一次听到，我还提问了。发言者讲他们在设计和测试Europeana时，要研究和实现功能上的要求/需求，functional requirements -- 这是我们都知道的，系统设计、界面、功能要求等等，除此以外，还有‘非功能需求’non-functional requirements -- 这是在基本功能之外的，为了用户的习惯来考虑的部分，例如从用户使用流程来看，如果他看到一个好的作品，除了阅读、存下来、打印收藏等以外，还有其他要求，比如传到Facebook上去分享，发到mailinglist去，组织一个围绕此作品的网上讨论等。我觉得这一点值得明年数图班好好讨论一下。
Daniel Teruggi, INA / Europeana - Paris, France
Europeana
The ambition of Europeana is to make all cultural contents accessible through its Portal, providing a unique access point to them where any kind of media is represented. It is oriented towards the general public but also to professionals or scholars. The user perspective is then essential for the success and acceptation of the project. However, how can this feedback be obtained; do users expect something specific? Are they really looking for something? Independently from traditional statistic and survey actions, it is important to obtain the perception users have of Europeana and to thus structure and orient a portal representing a new way of access to culture.
还有两个特别好的发言，我的可以用到的作笔记的地方都写满了（还没整理），可惜他们的发言没放到网上！
David Nicholas做了很多年的用户追踪研究，有一个结论很有力，那就是我们（不论老少）都属于the Google Generation。还有一个重要的信息，就是Internet上的用户实际上一大半是agents，applications.
David Nicholas, University College London – UK
The Digital Library User Experience: the virtual scholar
The paper describes and evaluates the information seeking behaviour and use of academic staff and students in the virtual environment, in which they are seemingly so in their element. Data are drawn from a seven year study of the virtual scholar conducted by the CIBER research group at UCL and covers their use of e-journal, e-learning and e-book databases. Hundreds of thousands of scholars, from all over the globe are covered in the analyses. On the basis of these data, the characteristics of their ‘digital footprints’ are highlighted demonstrating as a result the huge paradigm shift that has occurred in information seeking behaviour of our young scholars. Or so it would seem. The results are surprising, disturbing and challenging, especially in regard to younger scholars (The BL/JISC Google Generation study will be referred to). The paper concludes with a discussion of how information professionals might best meet their information needs, the possibility of disconnecting from the user base as the digital transition moves at an increasing pace.
John Van Oudenaren,
The World Digital Library as a Response to Challenges of the Digital Environment
John是国会图书馆的，负责World Digital Library 项目，非常好的前瞻，他的发言总结得特别好（见下面几点），跟Keven相似的水平。
The digital information environment is characterized by factors that include:
(1) increasing to near-total reliance of various user groups on electronic media for access to information, including cultural information;
(2) growing impact of globalization and cross-national flows of information, combined with large and persisting disparities both within and between countries with regard to access to digital information and opportunities to create digital content;
(3)proliferation and increasing diversity of devices on which digital content can be accessed;
(4) growing importance of user participation in the creation and re-creation of digital content;
(5) relative decline of the centrality of print and increased importance of audio and visual media;
(6) key role of search engines and other mechanisms that provide fast access to vast amounts of information but that do so in ways that fragment and disaggregate information;
(7) difficult economic circumstances and great uncertainty about the financial sustainability of both of old and new media.
The World Digital Library, a project launched by the Library of Congress in cooperation with UNESCO in 2005, has been planned and designed with many of these factors in mind. User feedback on the WDL since its launch on April 21, 2009 validate many design and development decisions, as well as suggest areas for ongoing work.
Susan Hazan, Israel Museum – Jerusalem, Israel
When is a library not a library?
Susan就各类大型数字图书馆做了一个很好的总结。。。This presentation briefly showcases a number of digital libraries; including Project Gutenberg, Europeana, Europe's Digital Library, UNESCO's World Digital Library, Michael S. Hart's Internet Archive, as well as the impressive reach of Google's Books,and will discuss one of the more resounding clashes of civilians that are currently taking place around the world; when the traditional librarian meets the Web 2.0 library head on.
与之相关的是这本书：MINERVA EC Working Group on Quality, Accessibility and Usability. 2008. Handbook on Cultural Web User Interaction 网上有，很多好信息啊。
简单的summary在http://www.ifla.org/files/hq/professional-committee/digital-librari...
会上听Daniel Teruggi做有关欧洲数字图书馆项目Europeana的报告，其中有一个提法是第一次听到，我还提问了。发言者讲他们在设计和测试Europeana时，要研究和实现功能上的要求/需求，functional requirements -- 这是我们都知道的，系统设计、界面、功能要求等等，除此以外，还有‘非功能需求’non-functional requirements -- 这是在基本功能之外的，为了用户的习惯来考虑的部分，例如从用户使用流程来看，如果他看到一个好的作品，除了阅读、存下来、打印收藏等以外，还有其他要求，比如传到Facebook上去分享，发到mailinglist去，组织一个围绕此作品的网上讨论等。我觉得这一点值得明年数图班好好讨论一下。
Daniel Teruggi, INA / Europeana - Paris, France
Europeana
The ambition of Europeana is to make all cultural contents accessible through its Portal, providing a unique access point to them where any kind of media is represented. It is oriented towards the general public but also to professionals or scholars. The user perspective is then essential for the success and acceptation of the project. However, how can this feedback be obtained; do users expect something specific? Are they really looking for something? Independently from traditional statistic and survey actions, it is important to obtain the perception users have of Europeana and to thus structure and orient a portal representing a new way of access to culture.
还有两个特别好的发言，我的可以用到的作笔记的地方都写满了（还没整理），可惜他们的发言没放到网上！
David Nicholas做了很多年的用户追踪研究，有一个结论很有力，那就是我们（不论老少）都属于the Google Generation。还有一个重要的信息，就是Internet上的用户实际上一大半是agents，applications.
David Nicholas, University College London – UK
The Digital Library User Experience: the virtual scholar
The paper describes and evaluates the information seeking behaviour and use of academic staff and students in the virtual environment, in which they are seemingly so in their element. Data are drawn from a seven year study of the virtual scholar conducted by the CIBER research group at UCL and covers their use of e-journal, e-learning and e-book databases. Hundreds of thousands of scholars, from all over the globe are covered in the analyses. On the basis of these data, the characteristics of their ‘digital footprints’ are highlighted demonstrating as a result the huge paradigm shift that has occurred in information seeking behaviour of our young scholars. Or so it would seem. The results are surprising, disturbing and challenging, especially in regard to younger scholars (The BL/JISC Google Generation study will be referred to). The paper concludes with a discussion of how information professionals might best meet their information needs, the possibility of disconnecting from the user base as the digital transition moves at an increasing pace.
John Van Oudenaren,
The World Digital Library as a Response to Challenges of the Digital Environment
John是国会图书馆的，负责World Digital Library 项目，非常好的前瞻，他的发言总结得特别好（见下面几点），跟Keven相似的水平。
The digital information environment is characterized by factors that include:
(1) increasing to near-total reliance of various user groups on electronic media for access to information, including cultural information;
(2) growing impact of globalization and cross-national flows of information, combined with large and persisting disparities both within and between countries with regard to access to digital information and opportunities to create digital content;
(3)proliferation and increasing diversity of devices on which digital content can be accessed;
(4) growing importance of user participation in the creation and re-creation of digital content;
(5) relative decline of the centrality of print and increased importance of audio and visual media;
(6) key role of search engines and other mechanisms that provide fast access to vast amounts of information but that do so in ways that fragment and disaggregate information;
(7) difficult economic circumstances and great uncertainty about the financial sustainability of both of old and new media.
The World Digital Library, a project launched by the Library of Congress in cooperation with UNESCO in 2005, has been planned and designed with many of these factors in mind. User feedback on the WDL since its launch on April 21, 2009 validate many design and development decisions, as well as suggest areas for ongoing work.
Susan Hazan, Israel Museum – Jerusalem, Israel
When is a library not a library?
Susan就各类大型数字图书馆做了一个很好的总结。。。This presentation briefly showcases a number of digital libraries; including Project Gutenberg, Europeana, Europe's Digital Library, UNESCO's World Digital Library, Michael S. Hart's Internet Archive, as well as the impressive reach of Google's Books,and will discuss one of the more resounding clashes of civilians that are currently taking place around the world; when the traditional librarian meets the Web 2.0 library head on.
与之相关的是这本书：MINERVA EC Working Group on Quality, Accessibility and Usability. 2008. Handbook on Cultural Web User Interaction 网上有，很多好信息啊。
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